diff options
-rw-r--r-- | books/filosofia/estoicismo.mdwn | 79 |
1 files changed, 79 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/books/filosofia/estoicismo.mdwn b/books/filosofia/estoicismo.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cbdd2ce --- /dev/null +++ b/books/filosofia/estoicismo.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +[[!meta title="Estoicismo"]] + +## Crítica + +* É uma filosofia aceitável para diagnóstico: aceitar os fatos, nossos + limites e a inutilidade das expectativas. + +* No entanto, pode ser conformista: o escravo se acostumar a aceitar + ser escravo, senhor a ser senhor. + +* Também pode ser egocêntrica, uma vez que leva à conclusão que uma pessoa + só pode contar consigo mesma ou, no limite, com seu próprio pensamento. + Na verdade somos completamente dependentes e nada pode ser assumido de + antemão. Mas todos e todas estamos nessa, então alianças são fundamentais! + +* Parece, ao mesmo tempo, uma vida medrosa e mesquinha, porque para evitar + sofrimentos ela prefere se abster de possíveis alegrias. Somos assim tão + frágeis? + +* O estoicismo é útil como parte da bagagem de uma vida simples mas que + luta por melhor condições dentro de um meio social. Ela ajuda a lidar com + as situações difícieis. + +## The Enchiridion + + THE ENCHIRIDION + + + I + + There are things which are within our power, and there are things which + are beyond our power. Within our power are opinion, aim, desire, + aversion, and, in one word, whatever affairs are our own. Beyond our + power are body, property, reputation, office, and, in one word, whatever + are not properly our own affairs. + + Now the things within our power are by nature free, unrestricted, + unhindered; but those beyond our power are weak, dependent, restricted, + alien. Remember, then, that if you attribute freedom to things by nature + dependent and take what belongs to others for your own, you will be + hindered, you will lament, you will be disturbed, you will find fault + both with gods and men. But if you take for your own only that which is + your own and view what belongs to others just as it really is, then no + one will ever compel you, no one will restrict you; you will find fault + with no one, you will accuse no one, you will do nothing against your + will; no one will hurt you, you will not have an enemy, nor will you + suffer any harm. + + Aiming, therefore, at such great things, remember that you must not allow + yourself any inclination, however slight, toward the attainment of the + others; but that you must entirely quit some of them, and for the present + postpone the rest. But if you would have these, and possess power and + wealth likewise, you may miss the latter in seeking the former; and you + will certainly fail of that by which alone happiness and freedom are + procured. + + Seek at once, therefore, to be able to say to every unpleasing semblance, + “You are but a semblance and by no means the real thing.” And then + examine it by those rules which you have; and first and chiefly by this: + whether it concerns the things which are within our own power or those + which are not; and if it concerns anything beyond our power, be prepared + to say that it is nothing to you. + + XII + + If you would improve, lay aside such reasonings as these: “If I neglect + my affairs, I shall not have a maintenance; if I do not punish my + servant, he will be good for nothing.” For it were better to die of + hunger, exempt from grief and fear, than to live in affluence with + perturbation; and it is better that your servant should be bad than you + unhappy. + + Begin therefore with little things. Is a little oil spilled or a little + wine stolen? Say to yourself, “This is the price paid for peace and + tranquillity; and nothing is to be had for nothing.” And when you call + your servant, consider that it is possible he may not come at your call; + or, if he does, that he may not do what you wish. But it is not at all + desirable for him, and very undesirable for you, that it should be in his + power to cause you any disturbance. |