Books: estoicismo

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+[[!meta title="Estoicismo"]]
+
+## Crítica
+
+* É uma filosofia aceitável para diagnóstico: aceitar os fatos, nossos
+  limites e a inutilidade das expectativas.
+
+* No entanto, pode ser conformista: o escravo se acostumar a aceitar
+  ser escravo, senhor a ser senhor.
+
+* Também pode ser egocêntrica, uma vez que leva à conclusão que uma pessoa
+  só pode contar consigo mesma ou, no limite, com seu próprio pensamento.
+  Na verdade somos completamente dependentes e nada pode ser assumido de
+  antemão. Mas todos e todas estamos nessa, então alianças são fundamentais!
+
+* Parece, ao mesmo tempo, uma vida medrosa e mesquinha, porque para evitar
+  sofrimentos ela prefere se abster de possíveis alegrias. Somos assim tão
+  frágeis?
+
+* O estoicismo é útil como parte da bagagem de uma vida simples mas que
+  luta por melhor condições dentro de um meio social. Ela ajuda a lidar com
+  as situações difícieis.
+
+## The Enchiridion
+
+                                THE ENCHIRIDION
+
+
+                                       I
+
+    There are things which are within our power, and there are things which
+    are beyond our power. Within our power are opinion, aim, desire,
+    aversion, and, in one word, whatever affairs are our own. Beyond our
+    power are body, property, reputation, office, and, in one word, whatever
+    are not properly our own affairs.
+
+    Now the things within our power are by nature free, unrestricted,
+    unhindered; but those beyond our power are weak, dependent, restricted,
+    alien. Remember, then, that if you attribute freedom to things by nature
+    dependent and take what belongs to others for your own, you will be
+    hindered, you will lament, you will be disturbed, you will find fault
+    both with gods and men. But if you take for your own only that which is
+    your own and view what belongs to others just as it really is, then no
+    one will ever compel you, no one will restrict you; you will find fault
+    with no one, you will accuse no one, you will do nothing against your
+    will; no one will hurt you, you will not have an enemy, nor will you
+    suffer any harm.
+
+    Aiming, therefore, at such great things, remember that you must not allow
+    yourself any inclination, however slight, toward the attainment of the
+    others; but that you must entirely quit some of them, and for the present
+    postpone the rest. But if you would have these, and possess power and
+    wealth likewise, you may miss the latter in seeking the former; and you
+    will certainly fail of that by which alone happiness and freedom are
+    procured.
+
+    Seek at once, therefore, to be able to say to every unpleasing semblance,
+    “You are but a semblance and by no means the real thing.” And then
+    examine it by those rules which you have; and first and chiefly by this:
+    whether it concerns the things which are within our own power or those
+    which are not; and if it concerns anything beyond our power, be prepared
+    to say that it is nothing to you.
+
+                                      XII
+
+    If you would improve, lay aside such reasonings as these: “If I neglect
+    my affairs, I shall not have a maintenance; if I do not punish my
+    servant, he will be good for nothing.” For it were better to die of
+    hunger, exempt from grief and fear, than to live in affluence with
+    perturbation; and it is better that your servant should be bad than you
+    unhappy.
+
+    Begin therefore with little things. Is a little oil spilled or a little
+    wine stolen? Say to yourself, “This is the price paid for peace and
+    tranquillity; and nothing is to be had for nothing.” And when you call
+    your servant, consider that it is possible he may not come at your call;
+    or, if he does, that he may not do what you wish. But it is not at all
+    desirable for him, and very undesirable for you, that it should be in his
+    power to cause you any disturbance.