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authorSilvio Rhatto <rhatto@riseup.net>2016-12-15 14:48:57 -0200
committerSilvio Rhatto <rhatto@riseup.net>2016-12-15 14:48:57 -0200
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Books: estoicismo
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+[[!meta title="Estoicismo"]]
+
+## Crítica
+
+* É uma filosofia aceitável para diagnóstico: aceitar os fatos, nossos
+ limites e a inutilidade das expectativas.
+
+* No entanto, pode ser conformista: o escravo se acostumar a aceitar
+ ser escravo, senhor a ser senhor.
+
+* Também pode ser egocêntrica, uma vez que leva à conclusão que uma pessoa
+ só pode contar consigo mesma ou, no limite, com seu próprio pensamento.
+ Na verdade somos completamente dependentes e nada pode ser assumido de
+ antemão. Mas todos e todas estamos nessa, então alianças são fundamentais!
+
+* Parece, ao mesmo tempo, uma vida medrosa e mesquinha, porque para evitar
+ sofrimentos ela prefere se abster de possíveis alegrias. Somos assim tão
+ frágeis?
+
+* O estoicismo é útil como parte da bagagem de uma vida simples mas que
+ luta por melhor condições dentro de um meio social. Ela ajuda a lidar com
+ as situações difícieis.
+
+## The Enchiridion
+
+ THE ENCHIRIDION
+
+
+ I
+
+ There are things which are within our power, and there are things which
+ are beyond our power. Within our power are opinion, aim, desire,
+ aversion, and, in one word, whatever affairs are our own. Beyond our
+ power are body, property, reputation, office, and, in one word, whatever
+ are not properly our own affairs.
+
+ Now the things within our power are by nature free, unrestricted,
+ unhindered; but those beyond our power are weak, dependent, restricted,
+ alien. Remember, then, that if you attribute freedom to things by nature
+ dependent and take what belongs to others for your own, you will be
+ hindered, you will lament, you will be disturbed, you will find fault
+ both with gods and men. But if you take for your own only that which is
+ your own and view what belongs to others just as it really is, then no
+ one will ever compel you, no one will restrict you; you will find fault
+ with no one, you will accuse no one, you will do nothing against your
+ will; no one will hurt you, you will not have an enemy, nor will you
+ suffer any harm.
+
+ Aiming, therefore, at such great things, remember that you must not allow
+ yourself any inclination, however slight, toward the attainment of the
+ others; but that you must entirely quit some of them, and for the present
+ postpone the rest. But if you would have these, and possess power and
+ wealth likewise, you may miss the latter in seeking the former; and you
+ will certainly fail of that by which alone happiness and freedom are
+ procured.
+
+ Seek at once, therefore, to be able to say to every unpleasing semblance,
+ “You are but a semblance and by no means the real thing.” And then
+ examine it by those rules which you have; and first and chiefly by this:
+ whether it concerns the things which are within our own power or those
+ which are not; and if it concerns anything beyond our power, be prepared
+ to say that it is nothing to you.
+
+ XII
+
+ If you would improve, lay aside such reasonings as these: “If I neglect
+ my affairs, I shall not have a maintenance; if I do not punish my
+ servant, he will be good for nothing.” For it were better to die of
+ hunger, exempt from grief and fear, than to live in affluence with
+ perturbation; and it is better that your servant should be bad than you
+ unhappy.
+
+ Begin therefore with little things. Is a little oil spilled or a little
+ wine stolen? Say to yourself, “This is the price paid for peace and
+ tranquillity; and nothing is to be had for nothing.” And when you call
+ your servant, consider that it is possible he may not come at your call;
+ or, if he does, that he may not do what you wish. But it is not at all
+ desirable for him, and very undesirable for you, that it should be in his
+ power to cause you any disturbance.