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authorSilvio Rhatto <rhatto@riseup.net>2018-08-07 10:05:58 -0300
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-[[!meta title="Estoicismo"]]
-
-## Crítica
-
-* É uma filosofia aceitável para diagnóstico: aceitar os fatos, nossos
- limites e a inutilidade das expectativas.
-
-* No entanto, pode ser conformista: o escravo se acostumar a aceitar
- ser escravo, senhor a ser senhor.
-
-* Também pode ser egocêntrica, uma vez que leva à conclusão que uma pessoa
- só pode contar consigo mesma ou, no limite, com seu próprio pensamento.
- Na verdade somos completamente dependentes e nada pode ser assumido de
- antemão. Mas todos e todas estamos nessa, então alianças são fundamentais!
-
-* Parece, ao mesmo tempo, uma vida medrosa e mesquinha, porque para evitar
- sofrimentos ela prefere se abster de possíveis alegrias. Somos assim tão
- frágeis?
-
-* O estoicismo é útil como parte da bagagem de uma vida simples mas que
- luta por melhor condições dentro de um meio social. Ela ajuda a lidar com
- as situações difícieis.
-
-## The Enchiridion
-
- THE ENCHIRIDION
-
-
- I
-
- There are things which are within our power, and there are things which
- are beyond our power. Within our power are opinion, aim, desire,
- aversion, and, in one word, whatever affairs are our own. Beyond our
- power are body, property, reputation, office, and, in one word, whatever
- are not properly our own affairs.
-
- Now the things within our power are by nature free, unrestricted,
- unhindered; but those beyond our power are weak, dependent, restricted,
- alien. Remember, then, that if you attribute freedom to things by nature
- dependent and take what belongs to others for your own, you will be
- hindered, you will lament, you will be disturbed, you will find fault
- both with gods and men. But if you take for your own only that which is
- your own and view what belongs to others just as it really is, then no
- one will ever compel you, no one will restrict you; you will find fault
- with no one, you will accuse no one, you will do nothing against your
- will; no one will hurt you, you will not have an enemy, nor will you
- suffer any harm.
-
- Aiming, therefore, at such great things, remember that you must not allow
- yourself any inclination, however slight, toward the attainment of the
- others; but that you must entirely quit some of them, and for the present
- postpone the rest. But if you would have these, and possess power and
- wealth likewise, you may miss the latter in seeking the former; and you
- will certainly fail of that by which alone happiness and freedom are
- procured.
-
- Seek at once, therefore, to be able to say to every unpleasing semblance,
- “You are but a semblance and by no means the real thing.” And then
- examine it by those rules which you have; and first and chiefly by this:
- whether it concerns the things which are within our own power or those
- which are not; and if it concerns anything beyond our power, be prepared
- to say that it is nothing to you.
-
- XII
-
- If you would improve, lay aside such reasonings as these: “If I neglect
- my affairs, I shall not have a maintenance; if I do not punish my
- servant, he will be good for nothing.” For it were better to die of
- hunger, exempt from grief and fear, than to live in affluence with
- perturbation; and it is better that your servant should be bad than you
- unhappy.
-
- Begin therefore with little things. Is a little oil spilled or a little
- wine stolen? Say to yourself, “This is the price paid for peace and
- tranquillity; and nothing is to be had for nothing.” And when you call
- your servant, consider that it is possible he may not come at your call;
- or, if he does, that he may not do what you wish. But it is not at all
- desirable for him, and very undesirable for you, that it should be in his
- power to cause you any disturbance.