Simple Test documentation for testing HTML forms

Submitting a simple form

+ When a page is fetched by the WebTestCase + using get() or + post() the page content is + automatically parsed. + This results in any form controls that are inside <form> tags + being available from within the test case. + For example, if we have this snippet of HTML... +

+<form>
+    <input type="text" name="a" value="A default" />
+    <input type="submit" value="Go" />
+</form>
+

+ Which looks like this... +

+ We can navigate to this code, via the + LastCraft + site, with the following test... +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+    
+    function testDefaultValue() {
+        $this->get('http://www.lastcraft.com/form_testing_documentation.php');
+        $this->assertField('a', 'A default');
+    }
+}
+

+ Immediately after loading the page all of the HTML controls are set at + their default values just as they would appear in the web browser. + The assertion tests that a HTML widget exists in the page with the + name "a" and that it is currently set to the value + "A default". + As usual, we could use a pattern expectation instead if a fixed + string. +

+ We could submit the form straight away, but first we'll change + the value of the text field and only then submit it... +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+
+    function testDefaultValue() {
+        $this->get('http://www.my-site.com/');
+        $this->assertField('a', 'A default');
+        $this->setField('a', 'New value');
+        $this->click('Go');
+    }
+}
+

+ Because we didn't specify a method attribute on the form tag, and + didn't specify an action either, the test case will follow + the usual browser behaviour of submitting the form data as a GET + request back to the same location. + SimpleTest tries to emulate typical browser behaviour as much as possible, + rather than attempting to catch missing attributes on tags. + This is because the target of the testing framework is the PHP application + logic, not syntax or other errors in the HTML code. + For HTML errors, other tools such as + HTMLTidy should be used. +

+ If a field is not present in any form, or if an option is unavailable, + then WebTestCase::setField() will return + false. + For example, suppose we wish to verify that a "Superuser" + option is not present in this form... +

+<strong>Select type of user to add:</strong>
+<select name="type">
+    <option>Subscriber</option>
+    <option>Author</option>
+    <option>Administrator</option>
+</select>
+

+ Which looks like... +

+ The following test will confirm it... +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+    ...
+    function testNoSuperuserChoiceAvailable() {
+        $this->get('http://www.lastcraft.com/form_testing_documentation.php');
+        $this->assertFalse($this->setField('type', 'Superuser'));
+    }
+}
+

+ The selection will not be changed on a failure to set + a widget value. +

+ Here is the full list of widgets currently supported... +

Text fields, including hidden and password fields.
Submit buttons including the button tag, although not yet reset buttons
Text area. This includes text wrapping behaviour.
Checkboxes, including multiple checkboxes in the same form.
Drop down selections, including multiple selects.
Radio buttons.
Images.

+ The browser emulation offered by SimpleTest mimics + the actions which can be perform by a user on a + standard HTML page. Javascript is not supported, and + it's unlikely that support will be added any time + soon. +

+ Of particular note is that the Javascript idiom of + passing form results by setting a hidden field cannot + be performed using the normal SimpleTest + commands. See below for a way to test such forms. +

+ +

Fields with multiple values

+ SimpleTest can cope with two types of multivalue controls: Multiple + selection drop downs, and multiple checkboxes with the same name + within a form. + The multivalue nature of these means that setting and testing + are slightly different. + Using checkboxes as an example... +

+<form class="demo">
+    <strong>Create privileges allowed:</strong>
+    <input type="checkbox" name="crud" value="c" checked><br>
+    <strong>Retrieve privileges allowed:</strong>
+    <input type="checkbox" name="crud" value="r" checked><br>
+    <strong>Update privileges allowed:</strong>
+    <input type="checkbox" name="crud" value="u" checked><br>
+    <strong>Destroy privileges allowed:</strong>
+    <input type="checkbox" name="crud" value="d" checked><br>
+    <input type="submit" value="Enable Privileges">
+</form>
+

+ Which renders as... +

+ If we wish to disable all but the retrieval privileges and + submit this information we can do it like this... +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+    ...
+    function testDisableNastyPrivileges() {
+        $this->get('http://www.lastcraft.com/form_testing_documentation.php');
+        $this->assertField('crud', array('c', 'r', 'u', 'd'));
+        $this->setField('crud', array('r'));
+        $this->click('Enable Privileges');
+    }
+}
+

+ Instead of setting the field to a single value, we give it a list + of values. + We do the same when testing expected values. + We can then write other test code to confirm the effect of this, perhaps + by logging in as that user and attempting an update. +

+ +

Forms which use javascript to set a hidden field

+ If you want to test a form which relies on javascript to set a hidden + field, you can't just call setField(). + The following code will not work: +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+    function testMyJavascriptForm() {
+        // This does *not* work
+        $this->setField('a_hidden_field', '123');
+        $this->clickSubmit('OK');
+    }
+}
+

+ Instead, you need to pass the additional form parameters to the + clickSubmit() method: +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+    function testMyJavascriptForm() {
+        // Pass the hidden field value as an additional POST variable
+        $this->clickSubmit('OK', array('a_hidden_field'=>'123'));
+    }
+
+}
+

+ Bear in mind that in doing this you're effectively stubbing out a + part of your software (the javascript code in the form), and + perhaps you might be better off using something like + Selenium to ensure a complete + acceptance test. +

+ +

Raw posting

+ If you want to test a form handler, but have not yet written + or do not have access to the form itself, you can create a + form submission by hand. +

+class SimpleFormTests extends WebTestCase {
+    ...    
+    function testAttemptedHack() {
+        $this->post(
+                'http://www.my-site.com/add_user.php',
+                array('type' => 'superuser'));
+        $this->assertNoText('user created');
+    }
+}
+

+ By adding data to the WebTestCase::post() + method, we are attempting to fetch the page as a form submission. +

+ +

Form testing documentation

Submitting a simple form

Fields with multiple values

Forms which use javascript to set a hidden field

Raw posting